Let’s discuss mortgage options in today’s financial climate. Some of you are thinking, I need to pay my mortgage down as quickly as possible while I still have a job. Others are thinking, my home is paid off or I have a small mortgage and lost my job, can I get money out of my home without selling it?
These are great questions.
Let’s start with those wanting to pay their mortgage off faster than 30 years. There are a number of programs out there that will allow you to pay off your mortgage early. Some of those programs require a set up fee and a loan modification to work. I see no reason for you to pay for something you can do for free.
First things first. Does your mortgage have a pre-payment clause? If you are not sure, check the documents you received at closing. Most mortgages do not have such a clause, however, its best to confirm that for yourself.
Next thing you need to do is to get a copy of the amortization schedule for your loan. This document lists every payment and shows the amount of your payment that goes to pay principal and the amount that is going to pay interest.
I will show you a part of an amortization schedule to illustrate this next point. I am assuming a $100,000 mortgage at 6% for 30 years.
In english this means you borrowed $100,000 from the bank to buy your house and agreed to pay that amount back in 30 years. You also agreed to pay interest of 6% to compensate the bank for loaning the money to you.
You can create an amortization schedule for yourself by going to http://realestate.yahoo.com/calculators/amortization.html
Month Beginning Balance Interest Payment Ending Balance
1 $100000 $500 $600 $99900
2 99900 500 600 99800
3 99800 499 600 99700
4 99700 498 600 99599
…..
24 97580 488 600 97468
25 97468 487 600 97356
26 97356 487 600 97243
27 97243 486 600 97130
As we can see when we reach month 24 (2years after you first took out the mortgage) you have only paid off $2,420 in principal. There is still $97,580 left to pay bank to the bank. You can also see that eventhough you have been sending $600 to the bank only $100 has been applied to the principal payment, the rest is going towards interest payments.
You also notice as you get ready to write your check to make your 24th payment that $112 is going towards principal and $113 is going towards principal with your 25th payment. Instead of writing your check for $600 you decide to write a check for $713.
You find that making that additional principal payment, you have eliminated $487 in interest and have jumped from payment 24 to 26. This also decreases the amount of time required to pay the loan back by 1 month. Each month you can do this will decrease your interest paid, and the length of time you have to pay the mortgage.
The advantage to using the numbers from the amortization schedule is you know exactly how many months you have cut off your mortgage and can get a confirmation from the bank as well. When you pay off different amounts it is harder for you to prove that the bank has applied the extra payments to principal first which is what you wanted them to do.
Another popular mortgage acceleration program is the bi-weekly mortgage payment. What this program does is take your normal monthly mortgage payment, cut it in 1/2 and have you send that amount every 2 weeks to a processing center. How this works is there are 52 weeks in a year and by sending the mortgage payment every 2 weeks you have made 13 full mortgage payments by the end of the year. This program often has high fees associated with it and often does not pay off your mortgage as quickly as the extra principal payment approach. It is also harder for you to figure out where you are in the cycle and more importantly unlike the extra principal payment approach, it is difficult to change back should you be unable to continue making the extra payment.
Finally, Heloc or home equity line of credit. This is not a mortgage reduction program, this is a way to get money out of your home should it be paid for or almost paid for. This may be a way for you to make ends meet while you are underemployed. The caveat to using a Heloc to pay current expenses is that you could lose your home should you be unable to keep up payments on the home equity loan.
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